Thomas Mapfumo

Thomas Mapfumo

Thomas Mapfumo is a Zimbabwean musician born in 1945 in Marondera. He is associated with chimurenga music and is known as “The Lion of Zimbabwe” for his popularity and the political force of his songs.

Political music and censorship

Before Zimbabwe’s independence, Mapfumo writes and performs songs that call for the overthrow of the government. At first, the authorities do not fully understand the Shona lyrics, but they later recognise their meaning. One of the key songs in this period is “Hokoyo!”, meaning “Watch out!”, which is banned from state radio. In 1979 he is detained in a prison camp without charge. His records continue to circulate through discos and non-state broadcasters such as the Voice of Mozambique, and protests over his arrest help secure his release after three months.

After independence

After 1980, Mapfumo’s profile continues to rise. He keeps recording songs criticising the injustices of Robert Mugabe’s government, and his music is again banned from state radio in the early years of the 2000s. He also receives a doctorate in recognition of his contribution to Zimbabwean music.

Bands and associated acts

Mapfumo is linked with Thomas Mapfumo & The Blacks Unlimited, Hallelujah Chicken Run Band and The Acid Band.

Later life

He leaves Zimbabwe and lives in the United States.